Circulating gas heater



PatentedSept; 12; 1933 1,926,104

omcum'rma- GAS HEATER Joseph E. Leonard, Berkeley, Caliit; assignor to I Hammer-Bray Company, Qakland, Gallit, a corporation of California Application migust 25, 1930. Serial No. 47?,493

3 (llaims. (Cl. 126-80) This invention relates to improvements in open at its upper and lower ends whereby a free circulating heaters and more particularlrto a circulation of air therethrough is provided for. heater of this type which is constructed and ar- At the top-of the casing a perforated register ranged to be operated in a mosteflicient manner plate or wall 3 is arranged in the usual manner.

5 with a gaseous fuel. Arranged within and extending for substan- An object of the invention is to provide a 'tially the full length and width of the heater heater of the character described which with casing is a combustion and heating chamber 5 a comparatively low fuel consumption and withwhich is gas tight throughout save at the lower out danger of giving ofi gases of combustion from open end thereof. This open end is disposed o the burner, will quickly and thoroughly heat and substantially at the'plane of the lower open end discharge therefrom a comparatively great of the casing and provides for secondary air to volume of air permitted to circulate theresupport combustion of gaseous fuel issuing from through, a burner 6 disposed in the lower part of said Another object is to provide a heater of the chamber. The gases of combustion are vented character described which may be made in comthrough a flue I connected with the chamber 5 70 paratively small sizes yet have a maximum of at a point near the top thereof and extended outlleating fa and air circulating and a ward therefrom for connection with a flue or ing capacity owing to the construction and ar chimney in th al a r, rangement of the combustion and heating chain The heating and combustion chamber, ,1... 20 ber and its associated parts and the fact that the though relatively large and nearly equal to the ase us fuel bu takes up ut little of the length, height and width of the casing, is howspace which is advantageously used to increase ever spaced at its sides and top from the sides the heating capacity and efliciency of the heater and top of the casing so as to provide th as aforementioned. around a free passage for upward circulation of A further object is to provide a heater of the i through the casing. Owing to the size of character described in which a novel form of said chamber there is provided a large h t d combustion chamber has the threefold p p area past and in contact with which the air of Positively excluding the 8 combustion, moves when circulating through the heater, this 0 Providing a c p v ly large directly heated air being free from contamination by the gases su ac exposed to th a circulation p the of combustion due to the venting of the chamber chamber, and defines an air circu at n Passage as aforementioned. With this arrangement it of a form and arrangement to insure a quick and is seen that a large volume of air is permitted to thoroug heating of a comparatively large Volume circulate between the casing and chamber 6 and of a Circulating therelihl'ollghis thoroughly and quickly heated by contact with I'he invention posseses other objects and feaand t t radiating from said chamber tures of advantage, some of which, with the To increase t heating capacity of t foregoing, Will be Set forth in the followmg bustion and heating chamber 6, vertically dis-. description of the preferred form of the invenposed fins or vanes 10 are fixed on the Side walls lion WhiPh is illustrated in the drawing of the chamber and extend downward from the 95 oomoanyms and forms part of the spoolfioatop thereof to points about two thirds'of the tion. It is to be understood, however, that varvertical height of said chamber The outer edges iations in the Showing made by the i draw of these vanes are spaced from the side walls ing and description may be adopted the of the casing and the upper edges are paced F scope of the invention asset forth in the claims. fr m the register plate 6 whereby the maximum 100 RFfeTrmg to the drawmg, air circulating and heating space is provided.

Flgule 1 represents a Vertical Sectlonal To increase the effectiveness of the chamber 6 Of a heatr constructed in accordance my as an air heating means and at the same time invgntimimprove the air circulating and general heating r Fi u e 2 1s a se v of the heater with one qualities of the heater, said chamber has the 105 Side Of the Casing therefor removedlowermost portions 14 of its opposed side walls Figure 3 is a P View Of the heater With the inclined outward as at 15 to the point 16 located top wall removed. I about one third of the way up the chamber. In its present embodiment the heater of my From this point the said side walls' converge as invention is seen to comprise acasing 1 supported at 17 to a narrow rounded upper wall 18 forming on legs 2, and having imperforate sides but being the top of the chamber. This formation of the side walls of the chamber provides passages 19 which from their lower enlarged ends are gradu-- ally reduced to the pointl6 then gradually enlarged towards their upper ends. It is.to be noted that by this arrangement a venturi effect is 1 sent surfaces interiorly of the chamber 5, which are directly impinged upon by the heated gases flowing upward in said chamber and 'are thereby more quickly and thoroughly heated This direct heating of said wall portions is enhanced by a baflle 20 so arranged above the burner as to spread out the flames and heated gases and cause them to pass upward along said wall portion rather than up through the mid-space between said wall portions. Preferably a deflecting plate 21 is positioned across the chamber immediately below the'fiue'opening so as to prevent the escape of the gases directly into the flue before their heat is dissipated along the walls of the chamber, the end edges of the plate being spaced from side ends of the chamber whereby the gases may pass to the fiue'openingaftr having transversed the desired course in the chamber.

It should be noted that the vanes or fins increase in width towards their upper ends and therefore present a greater heated" area at the upper and larger portions of the passage 19. This insures the heating of the greater volume of air passing through said portions of said passages.

Of considerable importance is the feature of my invention which insures the quick and free discharge of the heated air from the upper end of the casing. By referring to Figure 1 it will be seen that the heated air discharges from the passages 19 almost straight upward and that practically little or no surface of the chamber separates the passages at their point of discharge. In this manner there is practically entirely eliminated the curling or deflection of the heated air between the discharging streams as the latter are emitted from the heater. With this arrangement, therefore, all of the air discharged from the passages will move straight upward without restriction, and the circulation of a maximum volume of air through the heater will be assured.

I claim:

1. An air-circulating heater comprising an outer casing open adjacent the top and bottom, an inner,casing spaced from and lying within the 1,e 2e,1o4

outer casingj and having opposing side walls with upper portions extending convergently upward for thegre'ater vertical length of said first casing, and a lower portion forming a burner chamber, and a burner located within said burner chamber below said convergent side wall portions, the space defined betweenthe inner and outer casing forming a passageway having a.restric-- tion adjacent the lower end of said convergent wall portions, and means at the lower end of said convergent wall portions against which the heated products on leaving the burner will initially impinge for deflection outwardly of their normal upward course.

2. An air-circulating heater comprising an outer casing with upper and lower openings, an in-' ner casing spaced from and lying within the outer casing and having opposing side walls with upper portions extending convergently upward for the greater height of said first casing, a burner within the lower part of the inner casing position below the convergent wall portions and above the lower end of the casing, the space defined between the inner and outer casing forming a passageway having a restriction adjacent the lower end of said convergent wall portions, and

means at the lower end of said convergent wall portions and immediately over the burner arranged to deflect outwardly the ascending products from the burner and serving to define with the lower portion of the casing below said convergent wall portions, a chamber for the burner and a constricted outlet for said products from the chamber to the space in the casing between said wall portions.

3. An air-circulating heater comprising an outer casing with upper and lower openings, an inner casing spaced from and lying entirely within the outer casing and having opposing side walls with upper portions extending convergently upward for the greater height of the outer casing, and lower portions extending convergently downward from the upper portions to define a venturi air passage between the inner and outer casings, a deflecting member in the inner casing extending adjacent the juncture of said upper and lower portions and defining a constricted passage therebetween, and a burner in the portion of the inner casing between the downwardly converging side wall portions and immediately under said deflecting member. 

